Verses 1-5
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The 144,000 from chapter 7 now appear again, but having overcome through their faith in Christ.
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They will live morally pure, holy before God.
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It is good to follow the example of the 144,000 by living pure, like a virgin that has never been touched by the sins of the world. Purpose to live without fault before God.
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Verses 6-13
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Everyone will know the gospel by the time that the Great Tribulation comes to a close, and all will be warned of the punishment that they will receive for following the antichrist and taking his mark.
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It will be hard to resist the temptation to take the mark, since the mark will make it easier to access what the flesh wants. As believers, therefore, we must be able to have great patience to endure persecution and resist the flesh
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Ultimately, we will have rest, and the wicked will be tormented. Remember this, and choose the temporary suffering of obedience now, or it will be eternal suffering for disobedience later.
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Verses 14-16
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There will come a time during the end when Christ will separate believers from unbelievers. Unbelievers will be separated for judgment (Matthew 13:24-30,36-43), and believers gathered to meet the Lord in the air as He returns (1 Thessalonians 4:17).
Verses 17-20
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Treading grapes in a winepress is common metaphor for a thorough unleashing of the wrath of God. This passage could refer to a specific even during the end, but we know that God's wrath is the result (see Isaiah 63:1-4).