Verses 1-3
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Job had complained of his pain in chapter 3, and here he admits that he spoke rashly. Did he say too much? It's likely.
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Remember that, when in pain, we have a tendency to speak too much. We vent feelings and frustrations often to a fault of complaining. Even when things are hard, be careful not to speak everything you're feeling, or it leads to sin.
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Verses 4-30
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Job says here that he is yet suffering from God's arrows (which are really the devil's arrows allowed by God) as an innocent man, even to the point of wishing death for himself. He also notes that Eliphaz' words were tasteless and unhelpful.
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First, always choose life over death. Preferring to live and prolong your life is always the best course of action (Philippians 1:22-25). And when there is strife and hardship, remember that God has given you this day, and remember to rejoice always.
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Verses 24-30. He also challenges his friends here, since they don't think he's innocent, to identify his sin, rather than to accuse him without grounds to do so. He's imploring them not to accuse a person of sin, which is supposedly causing their pain, when there is no sin that's evident or identified.
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In verse 14 he beckons them for kindness rather than accusation. In general, to show kindness to someone in pain, be compassionate, and don't accuse of sin that isn't evident to be an obvious cause.
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Remember this key principle: If you're using an argument about sin to show a person the cause of their pain, you must say what their sin is, specifically and gently, or they will not be comforted. Also help them to know how to repent from that sin.
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If you speak wrongly when trying to comfort a hurting person, it's like “overwhelming the fatherless and undermining your friend”! Be careful! If you don't have clear wisdom it's better not to speak at all.
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